Inductors & Ferrites
They resist changes in current. Two very different uses: power inductors store energy in switching regulators; ferrite beads suppress high-frequency noise.
Power inductors (switching regulators)​
- The energy-storage element in a buck/boost. Value and current rating come from the regulator datasheet — follow it.
- Key specs: inductance, saturation current (Isat) (don't exceed — inductance collapses), DCR (resistance → loss/heat), and shielding (shielded = less radiated noise).
- Place close to the switch node; keep the hot loop small.
Ferrite beads (filtering)​
- A ferrite bead looks like a small resistor at high frequency — it absorbs HF noise as heat. Rated by impedance at 100 MHz (e.g. "600 Ω @ 100 MHz") and DC current.
- Common use: isolate a noisy digital supply from a sensitive analog/PLL/ADC rail (ferrite + caps = LC/RC filter).
Don't bead a fast digital rail blindly
A ferrite in series with a high-current or fast supply can resonate with decoupling caps and make ripple worse, or starve transient current. Use beads for filtering sensitive rails, not as a default on every power net.
Common-mode chokes​
- Pass the differential signal, block common-mode noise — used on USB, Ethernet, and power inputs for EMI.
See also​
- Power Supplies
- Analog & Mixed-Signal — clean rails
- EMI / EMC